As per study by Tabassom G. ELISA test results show that prevalence of CMV were (31.54%) followed by TSWV (25%) and DaMV (7.93%) viruses respectively. Results of mechanical inoculation and host range reaction of CMV, TSWV and DaMV isolates were also recorded. Coat protein gene sequence of Iranian CMV isolate showed highest similarity (97%) with a CMV isolate Cucurbit pepo (Acc. No.GU327368.1) from South Korea.
In a study by Keshav C. et al. antithrombotic activity [antiplatelet, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) assays] of standardized Dolichos biflorus seed extract (DBSE) and standardized Pterocarpus marsupium bark extract (PMBE) was determined. The study investigated the anticoagulant activities in vitro by performing activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) assays. Antiplatelet aggregation activity of the extract was examined using adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, and thrombin as agonists, and the inhibitions of factor Xa and thrombin were also investigated. Bleeding and clotting times in mice were used to determine its anticoagulant activities in vivo. This study is the first to show that DBSE and PMBE possess anticoagulant properties, most likely as a result of its capacity to block thrombin activity. DBSE and PMBE could be a thrombin inhibitor with anticoagulant therapeut
I want to post some interesting aspects regarding a coordination complex and some of its fundamental characteristics: A coordination complex consists of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination point and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions. Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the Periodic Table's d-block transition metals form easily coordination complexes. Coordination complexes are so pervasive that their structures and reactions are described in many ways, sometimes confusingly. The atom within a ligand that is bonded to the central metal atom or ion is called the donor atom. In a typical complex, a metal ion is bonded to several donor atoms, which can be the same or different. A polydentate (multiple bonded) ligand is a molecule or ion that bonds to the central atom through several of the ligand's atoms; ligands with 2, 3, 4 or even 6 bonds to the central atom are common. These complexes are called chelate complexes; the formation of such complexes is called chelation, complexation, and coordination.
ReplyDeleteAbout a simple and very effective dosing method of Aspirin in tablets: by UV Spectroscopy:
ReplyDeleteTo exactly quantify pure acetylsalicylic acid in pharmaceutical tablets, a spectrophotometric UV analysis method was developed and proposed to be applied. 100 μg/mL working solution was prepared by acetonitrile p.a. 1:10 dilution from stock solution 1000 μg/mL A series of nine standard solutions (1.2 μg/mL– 16.0 μg/mL) were obtained from working solution 100 μg/mL.. Standard solutions absorbances were read out to λmax. = 213 nm, which was the maximum absorption wavelength value of acetylsalicylic acid solutions in acetonitrile as a solvent. Five measurements were made for each concentration and calibration graph of spectrophotometer was plotted. Similarly, acetylsalicylic acid sample was prepared from pharmaceutical tablets and average absorbance was measured to λmax. = 213 nm. The amount of pure acetylsalicylic acid per pharmaceutical tablet was found to be 497.474 mg, close enough of active substance content declared by pharmaceutical manufacturer (500 mg), with a average permissible deviation of only 0.505%, below maximum of ± 5% indicated by Romanian and European Pharmacopoeia. Spectrophotometric UV analysis method was subjected to the validation process. Statistical analysis revealed the linearity of UV spectrophotometric method in the concentration range from 1.2-16.0 μg / mL. Linear regression coefficient was: R2 = 0.99914 and correlation coefficient R = 0.99957, R > 0.999 were located within the normal range of values. Standard error of linear regression was SE = 0.009726. Detection Limit, LD = 0.509 μg / mL and Quantitation Limit, LQ = 1.697 μg / mL were within normal range of values. Sandell’s Sensitivity, the interference test, stability of prepared standard solutions, system and method precision, and method accuracy were exactly calculated. Spectrophotometric UV method was statistically validated and can be successfully applied to exactly measure pure amount of acetylsalicylic acid from different brands of pharmaceuticals.
AA simple UV dosing method of Sodium Metamizole: The aim of this research was to exactly quantify pure sodium metamizole from tablets , using a spectrophotometric analysis in Visible range. The method applied has been subjected to a validation protocol which consisted in analyzing the following parameters: linearity of the method, detection limit (LD) , quantitation limit (LQ), Sandell’s sensitivity, interference of excipients, stability of prepared solutions, method and system precision, accuracy of the method. Following actual dosing, pure sodium metamizole amount in tablet of pharmaceutical was found to be 477.477 mg assigned to a percentage content of 95.495 %, very close to official declared amount (500 mg), with an maximum average percentage deviation of only 4.505 % from the official declared active substance content. This value was situated below the maximum admissible percentage deviation from stated active substance content (± 5%), established by Romanian Pharmacopoeia, X-th Edition rules.
ReplyDeleteKey words: sodium metamizole, analgesic action, validation protocol, detection limit, quantitation limit